Publications
Books
Algorithmic Rule by Law: How algorithmic regulation in the public sector erodes the rule of law (Cambridge University Press, 2025). For sale at Cambridge University Press and Amazon.
The Cambridge Handbook on the Law, Ethics and Policy of Artificial Intelligence (ed), (Cambridge University Press, 2025). Accessible at Cambridge University Press in open access.
Articles and
Book Chapters
Introductory note to Regulation 2024/1689 of the Eur. Parl. & Council of June 13, 2024 (EU Artificial Intelligence Act), International Legal Materials (forthcoming).
The European Union’s AI Act: beyond motherhood and apple pie? with Karen Yeung, in Nathalie A. Smuha (ed), The Cambridge Handbook of the Law, Ethics and Policy of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press, 2025.
An Introduction to the Law, Ethics and Policy of AI, in Nathalie A. Smuha (ed), The Cambridge Handbook of the Law, Ethics and Policy of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press, 2025.
The Use of Algorithmic Systems by Public Administrations: Practices, Challenges and Governance Frameworks, in Nathalie A. Smuha (ed), The Cambridge Handbook of the Law, Ethics and Policy of Artificial Intelligence, Cambridge University Press, 2025.
The Work of the High-Level Expert Group on AI as the Precursor of the AI Act, in Ceyhun N. Pehlivan, Peggy Valcke, Nikolaus Forgo (eds.), AI Governance and Liability in Europe: A Primer, Kluwer Law International, 2025.
Digital Sovereignty in the European Union: Five Challenges from a Normative Perspective, in Gavin Barrett, Peter-Christian Müller-Graff, Jean-Philippe Rageade, Viktor Vadász (eds.), European Sovereignty, Conference Proceedings, Springer, 2024.
The paramountcy of data protection law in the age of AI (Acts), in EDPS (ed), Two decades of personal data protection. What next?, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2024, 226-239.
Vijf(tig) tinten AI-ethiek, Karakter – Tijdschrift van de Wetenschap, Volume 85, 2024, 22-24.
Doorzending van verkeers- en locatiegegevens naar nationale autoriteiten: van het recht op privacy tot het recht op veiligheid, Tijdschrift voor Bestuurswetenschappen en Publiekrecht, Volume 2022, Issue 8, 540-543.
Quatre nuances de régulation de l’intelligence artificielle: Une cartographie des conflits de définition - Four shades of AI regulation: A cartography of normative and definitional conflicts (with Bilel Benbouzid and Yannick Meneceur), Réseaux, Volume 232-233, Issue 2-3, 2022, 29-64.
Pitfalls and pathways for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence in education, in Holmes, W., and Porayska-Pomsta K., The Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Routledge, 2022, 113-146.
The Human Condition in An Algorithmized World: A Critique through the Lens of 20th-Century Jewish Thinkers and the Concepts of Rationality, Alterity and History, 2022, Institute of Philosophy, KU Leuven.
Openbaar strafpuntenregister voor verkeersovertredingen niet verenigbaar met het recht op gegevensbescherming, Tijdschrift voor Bestuurswetenschappen en Publiekrecht, Volume 2022, Issue 2, 86-88.
Beyond the Individual: Governing AI’s Societal Harm, Internet Policy Review, Volume 10, Issue 3, 2021, 1-32.
How the EU Can Achieve Legally Trustworthy AI: A Response to the European Commission’s Proposal for an Artificial Intelligence Act, SSRN, 2021 (with Emma Ahmed-Rengers, Adam Harkens, Wenlong Li, James MacLaren, Riccardo Piselli and Karen Yeung).
A Framework for Global Cooperation on Artificial Intelligence and its Governance (with Pekka Ala-Pietilä) in B. Braunschweig and M. Ghallab (eds.), Reflections on Artificial Intelligence for Humanity, Springer, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2021, 237-265.
From a 'Race to AI' to a 'Race to AI Regulation' - Regulatory Competition for Artificial Intelligence, Law, Innovation and Technology, Volume 13, Issue 1, 2021, 57-84.
Beyond a human rights-based approach to AI governance: promise, pitfalls, plea, Philosophy & Technology, Volume 34, 2021, 91-104.
Governing Artificial Intelligence: From Principles to Law, in Qian, S., Hiu, L., Tse, B. (Eds.), AI Governance in 2020, Shanghai Institute for Science of Science, 2020, 45-46.
Artificiële intelligentie bij de overheid: opportuniteiten en uitdagingen vanuit ethisch juridisch perspectief, Vlaams Tijdschrift voor Overheidsmanagement, Volume 24, Issue 4, 2019, 43-64.
The EU Approach to Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence: a continuous journey towards an appropriate governance framework for AI, Computer Law Review International, Volume 20, Issue 4, 2019, 97-106.
Towards the EU harmonization of access to cross-border e-evidence: Challenges for Fundamental Rights & Consistency, European Criminal Law Review, Volume 8, Issue 1, 2018, 83-115.
The Object-Effect Dichotomy and the Requirement of Harm to Competition: On the Road to Clarity after Cartes Bancaires? (with Bernard Amory and Geoffroy Van de Walle) in D. Gerard, M. Merola and B. Meyring (eds.), The Notion of Restriction of Competition, Revisiting the Foundations of Antitrust Enforcement in Europe, GCLC Annual Conference Series, Larcier, 2017, 65-86.
The International law of Occupation in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Jura Falconis, Volume 50, Issue 4, 2014, 927-947.
Blogposts and
Public Outreach
Biden, Bletchley, and the emerging international law of AI, Verfassungsblog, November 2023.
AI and the Administration of Justice: taking ‘precedent analysis’ as a use case to assess the adequacy of the AI Act, The Law, Ethics and Policy of AI Blog, 2 October 2023 (with Victoria Hendrickx).
We are not ready for manipulative AI – urgent need for action, Euractiv, March 2023 (with Mieke De Ketelaere, Mark Coeckelbergh, Pierre Dewitte and Yves Poullet).
Artificial Intelligence and interdisciplinarity: an evaluation, The Law, Ethics and Policy of AI Blog, 8 February 2023 (with Victoria Hendrickx).
Trustworthy AI through regulation? Sketching the European approach, The Digital Constitutionalist, October 2022 (with Anna Morandini, EUI).
Een doosje vijgen na Pasen voor Viktor Orban, De Standaard, 8 April 2022.
Europe as International Standard Setter for Artificial Intelligence: the role of the Council of Europe, Leuven.AI Stories, 2 April 2021 (with Peggy Valcke and Eyup Kun, KU Leuven).
Infodemic in times of Pandemic, ALLAI Podcast series: Responsible AI & Corona, 1 April 2021.
Verbanning Donald Trump van Facebook en Twitter: er is geen verschil meer tussen online en offline, Knack, 11 January 2021.
Vergis je niet: Technologie is nooit neutraal, Data News, 19 June 2020.
Hoe racistisch en seksistisch zijn computers, Universiteit van Vlaanderen, 16 June 2020.
Honderd Belgische academici waarschuwen regering: ‘Voer dringend een publiek debat over de corona-app, De Morgen, 19 April 2020 (with Massimiliano Simons and Lode Lauwaert, KU Leuven).
Open brief aan regering: 100 academici vragen dringend publiek debat over corona-app, Knack, 18 April 2020, with Massimiliano Simons and Lode Lauwaert, KU Leuven).
Nécessité et urgence d'un débat public sur l' "application Corona", Le Vif, 18 April 2020 (with Massimiliano Simons and Lode Lauwaert, KU Leuven).
Europe’s approach to AI governance: time for a vision, Europe's World, April 2020.
Soyons plus intelligents quand il est question d'Intelligence Artificielle, Le Vif, 12 March 2020.
L'Europe peut miser sur l'IA éthique comme atout concurrentiel, Le Vif, 10 April 2019.
Europa kan ethische AI als competitieve troef uitspelen, Data News, 4 April 2019.
Een nieuw jaar, een nieuwe AI?, Data News, 3 January 2019.
Other Work
Advies over het voorstel van resolutie van 15 september 2021 betreffende de oprichting van een Belgisch raadgevend comité voor data-ethiek, Belgische Kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers.
Advies over het wetsvoorstel van 6 april 2021 tot wijziging van de wet van 11 april 1994 betreffende de openbaarheid van bestuur, om meer transparantie te verschaffen over het gebruik van algoritmen door de overheid, Belgische Kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers.
Artificiële Intelligentie, Sociale Media en Democratie: Reflecties & Aanbevelingen, Belgische Kamer van volksvertegenwoordigers.